social explosion in Chili pepper 2019 saw a before and after in the lives of the citizens of the trans-Andean country. So much so that they will go to the polls on September 4th at A Referendum Mandatory to vote if they agree or disagree Constitution reform. If approved, it will replace the existing document drafted during Military Dictatorship From Augusto Pinochet in 1980.
Last July 4, the campaign for both options began, after closing Constitutional Congress of Chile. The constitutional process that the country’s political class decided to take in November 2019 lasted for a year, in the midst of a social crisis.
However, it was something that had been fermented for a long time. “The need for deeper reforms became apparent a long time ago, already from Government From Bachelet‘He maintains Sophia DonosoAssistant Professor University sociology department From Chili pepper and Research Associate in COES (Center for Conflict and Social Cohesion StudiesHe adds: “With the large student crowd, from which the incumbent president emerged, the demands began for the need to reform my students and ended up calling for a new constitution, because the changes that were required to be made in education would not have been possible. Without changes in the constitution“.
What are the major changes required with the reform of the constitution?
donoso He explained that the main change sought is that ” condition Stop being affiliated. “We want to leave behind a logic in which the private sector enjoys certain privileges in terms of providing social services, and that becomes a right whose implementation is responsible for conditionexplains the sociologist.
This is something that various social movements have sought for a long time. “There have been demonstrations against the pension, education, and health systems. This follows a common axis that seeks for the state to give these good services to everyone, to put aside the idea that those who can pay for premium services and who have no resources are served in the underfunded public system,” expression donoso.
Walking in downtown streets Santiago Street vendors are heard showing passersby a draft of a new book constitution. Surprising how many people come to the stand in one of the busiest places in the city center to buy the book It is the “best seller” in the capital From Chili pepper.
MDZ Walk the surrounding streets Currency Palace in Santiago de Chile To see what Chileans think about these changes.
They insist, “We must be informed so we can vote and see if we are in favor or not.” sergio s Anna Luisawhile they buy erasers at the subway exit.
“I agree that there is a file ReferendumThis is democracy. We agree that there is a change, the current constitution is very old. But we must be careful with these changes, there are ideas that are still questionable, especially in matters of health.” sergio.
Currently Chili pepper It has a mixed system of care integrated by public insurance, which is called phonemeswhich is the National Health Fund, and a special fund called IsapreAnd the Social Security InstitutionsThe reform establishes a paradigm shift and defines a comprehensive health model for all Chileans. “The integrated system will be financed by condition And this, according to the components of the experts, will lead to more waiting lists than they are now,” says the man.
I don’t want to rely on a constitution what happened in dictatorshipWithout the participation of the citizen and he is forced. There are things that are very unfair and are not taken into account now, such as the case of Aboriginal villagesThe healthAnd the educationAnd the Safety“He crosses Ivani Alarcona young Chilean woman also supports demonstrations to bring about changes, “as long as they are peaceful.”
on the other sidewalk Roberta retired و Which varies with the implementation of a Referendum. “Parliament should express itself on these issues, that is how it was in the past,” says the man, adding with conviction: “I think the change will be rejected.”
David he is from southern chilebut for a few days it is in SantiagoHe is one of the people who will vote on September 4 to approve the reform. “in Chili pepper For many years everything has been distributed very poorly, which is why I think it will be approved. ”
The man also pointed out that the new constitution Focusing on protecting the environment, “This was something that had never been done before in Chili pepperHere everything is destroyed,” emphasizes Daoud.
In the referendum, only two options can be voted on, and based on the results, the option will be modified or not. constitution Stream. This polar, in a certain way, worry Chileans.
“I have my doubts about the final draft, I feel like we’re going to re-polarize ourselves as a community, both options are very strong. I think that’s Referendum It is different from what we experienced before, the former was a hope, and instead this doubt raised many doubts about the final result of this message,” he emphasizes. Diego Bravo.
former Referendum in 2020 with the aim of determining whether citizens have agreed to start a constitutional process to draft a new draft constitutionand define the mechanism of the mentioned process.
It took 12 months Constitutional Convention The preparation of this project, a text consisting of 178 pages, 11 chapters, 388 permanent articles, 57 transitional articles and 54,777 words.
The Chilean president himself was, Gabriel Borekthat submitted the final draft on Monday. This Monday Constitutional Convention handed over to the president Gabriel Borek. “On September 4, you, dear compatriots, will be the heroes of the historic decision concerning us political constitution“, He said boric On his Twitter account, he asked Chileans to read the draft before voting: “I hope these two months will be civic school for all.”